CDC Warns of Drug-Resistant Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Backyard Poultry in 13 States

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a warning about a multistate Salmonella outbreak linked to backyard poultry, including ducks and chickens. The outbreak involves a strain of the bacterium that may be resistant to antibiotics, raising concerns about treatment options.

What Happened?

On April 23, the CDC updated its investigation into the outbreak, which began with the first reported infection on February 26. As of the latest update, the CDC has confirmed 34 cases across 13 states. The outbreak is caused by the Salmonella Saintpaul strain, and whole-genome sequencing of samples from infected individuals revealed resistance to the antibiotic fosfomycin.

Additionally, samples from eight other individuals showed resistance to other antibiotics, including:

• Chloramphenicol
• Streptomycin
• Sulfisoxazole
• Tetracycline

Nearly 80% of those infected reported contact with backyard poultry before becoming ill. The CDC also found that the same strain of Salmonella was present in samples taken from backyard poultry.

How Many People Have Been Infected?

As of the April 23 update, the CDC confirmed 34 cases, with 13 hospitalizations. No deaths have been reported. However, the CDC notes that the actual number of infected individuals may be higher due to delays in identifying cases and unreported mild illnesses.

The CDC estimates that it can take three to four weeks for health officials to confirm if a Salmonella infection is part of the outbreak. Many people recover without seeking medical care, further complicating tracking efforts.

Where Is the Outbreak Happening?

The CDC has published a map detailing the distribution of cases across the United States. As of the latest update, the outbreak has been confirmed in the following states and case counts:

• Florida: 1
• Illinois: 1
• Indiana: 3
• Kentucky: 3
• Maine: 3
• Maryland: 2
• Michigan: 6
• Mississippi: 1
• New Hampshire: 1
• Ohio: 5
• Tennessee: 1
• West Virginia: 2
• Wisconsin: 5

The outbreak is primarily concentrated in the Midwest, with Michigan reporting the highest number of cases (6), followed by Ohio and Wisconsin (each with 5 cases).

What Are the Symptoms of Salmonella?

According to the CDC, most people infected with Salmonella experience the following symptoms:

• Watery diarrhea (which may contain blood or mucus)
• Severe stomach cramps

Other symptoms may include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Loss of appetite

Symptoms typically begin within six hours to six days after infection and can last up to a week. Severe cases may require hospitalization, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.